Health Insurance: A Consideration in Divorce

The New York Times ran a front page story detailing how the availability of medical insurance has become a major consideration in the decision to divorce or to wed.

In a poll conducted this spring by the Kaiser Family Foundation, a health policy research group, 7 percent of adults said someone in their household had married in the past year to gain access to insurance. The foundation cautions that the number should not be taken literally, but rather as an intriguing indicator that some Americans “are making major life decisions on the basis of health care concerns.”

The issue of medical coverage has long been a consideration in divorce. In fact, many couples, after negotiating their settlement agreements, delay seeking an immediate divorce and, instead, opt to divorce on the basis of their living separate and apart for a year pursuant to a written separation agreement. The one year separation allows a party who would otherwise be without access to medical insurance to remain eligible for medical coverage on the basis of the marriage. Some couples put off the divorce for even more than a year for this very reason.

Amplifying this consideration, New York requires parties to acknowledge that they are aware that they will no longer be allowed to receive health coverage under their former spouse's health insurance plan once the divorce is granted.

Following the divorce the parties may be eligible to continue medical coverage under COBRA (which can be prohibitively expensive) or purchase insurance on their own
 

 

Loss of Medical Insurance Required to Be Disclosed In All Divorces

A new law  (Assembly bill A08273A) was recently enacted that requires parties in an action for divorce to be made aware of the potential loss of their health care coverage obtained through their spouse's health insurance.

The law requires that any agreement between parties in a divorce action contain the following language:
 I fully understand that upon the entrance of this divorce agreement, I may no longer be allowed to receive health coverage under my former spouse's health insurance plan. I may be entitled to purchase health insurance on my own through a COBRA option, if available, other-wise I may be required to secure my own health insurance.
The judgment of divorce will reiterate that the parties understand and have acknowledged the potential loss of medical coverage.

According to the legislative memo the justification for the bill is as follows:
Divorce settlements can be a long, arduous process for all parties involved, therefore it is important to ensure that throughout the course of the negotiations, parties are aware of all issues relating to an individual's well-being once a settlement is reached. Whether or not a party to a divorce action has health insurance coverage once a settlement is reached is of crucial importance, and explicit provisions addressing these facts should be included in any rendered judgment. This legislation ensures that parties who receive health coverage under their spouse's plan are made aware of their loss of health insurance coverage upon the issuance of a divorce.

Although I am unaware of any cases in which a party to a divorce, represented by counsel, entered into an agreement under the false impression that he/she would remain covered by their spouse’s medical insurance, it is certainly wiser to err on the side of requiring full and complete disclosure of all relevant facts.